Main article: Municipalities of Kosovo
Until 2007, Kosovo was divided into 30 municipalities. It is currently divided into 38 according to Kosovo law, in which ten municipalities have Serb majorities (including around 90% of the Serb population in Kosovo). Since Serbia does not recognise the legal validity of legislation by the Kosovo Assembly after the Declaration of Independence, it cannot recognise the legal validity even of new Serb-majority municipalities. However, the effective exercise of local administration - whether by authorities recognising Kosovo's independence, as is the case for Serb-majority municipalities south of the River Ibar, or not recognising it, as is the case for municipalities north of the River Ibar - follows the current boundaries established by Kosovo law.
List of municipalities
The first name is Serbian, and the second one is Albanian. An asterisk denotes a municipality created or enlarged after the Declaration of Independence of 2008, whose legal validity is not recognised by Serbia
| Municipality (Albanian: komuna, Serbian: opština / општина) is the basic administrative division of Kosovo The first name is Serbian and the second one is Albanian | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 01. Dečani / Deçan | 11. Leposavić / Albanik | 21. Prizren | |
| 02. Dragaš / Dragash | 12. Lipljan / Lipjan | 22. Srbica / Skënderaj | |
| 03. Đakovica / Gjakovë | 13. Mališevo / Malishevë | 23. Štrpce / Shtërpcë | |
| 04. Glogovac / Gllogovc | 14.Kosovska Mitrovica / Mitrovicë | 24. Štimlje / Shtime | |
| 05. Gnjilane / Gjilan | 15. Novo Brdo / Novobërdë | 25.Suva Reka / Suharekë | |
| 06. Istok / Burim | 16. Obilić / Obiliq | 26. Uroševac / Ferizaj | |
| 07. Kačanik / Kaçanik | 17. Orahovac / Rahovec | 27. Vitina / Viti | |
| 08.Kosovska Kamenica / Kamenicë | 18. Peć / Pejë | 28. Vučitrn / Vushtrri | |
| 09. Klina / Klinë | 19. Podujevo / Podujevë | 29. Zubin Potok | |
| 10. Kosovo Polje / Fushë Kosovë | 20. Priština / Prishtinë | 30. Zvečan / Zveçan | |
| Source: OSCE - UNMIK Regulation 2000/43: Albanian, Serbian PDF | |||
Rule of law
Following the Kosovo War, due to the many weapons in the hands of civilians, law enforcement inefficiencies, and widespread devastation, both revenge killings and ethnic violence surged tremendously. The number of reported murders rose 80% from 136 in 2000 to 245 in 2001. The number of reported arsons rose 140% from 218 to 523 over the same period. UNMIK pointed out that the rise in reported incidents might simply correspond to an increased confidence in the police force (i.e., more reports) rather than more actual crime.[80] According to the UNODC, by 2008, murder rates in Kosovo had dropped by 75% in five years.[81][82]
Although the number of noted serious crimes increased between 1999 and 2000, since then it has been "starting to resemble the same patterns of other European cities".[80][83] According to Amnesty International, the aftermath of the war resulted in an increase in thetrafficking of women for sexual exploitation.[84][85][86] According to the IOM data, in 2000–2004, Kosovo was consistently ranked fourth or fifth among the countries of Southeastern Europe by number of human trafficking victims, after Albania, Moldova, Romania and sometimes Bulgaria.[87][88]
Residual landmines and other unexploded ordnance remain in Kosovo, although all roads and tracks have been cleared. Caution when travelling in remote areas is advisable.[89]
Kosovo is extremely vulnerable to organised crime and thus to money laundering. In 2000, international agencies estimated that Kosovo was supplying up to 40% of the heroin sold in Europe and North America.[90] Due to the 1997 unrest in Albania and the Kosovo War in 1998–1999 ethnic Albanian traffickers enjoyed a competitive advantage, which has been eroding as the region stabilises.[91] However, according to a 2008 report by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, overall, ethnic Albanians, not only from Kosovo, supply 10 to 20% of the heroin in Western Europe, and the traffic has been declining.[92]
In 2010, a report by Swiss MP Dick Marty claimed to have evidence that a criminal network tied to the Kosovo Liberation Army and the Prime Minister, Hashim Thaci, executed prisoners and harvested their kidneys for organ transplantation. The Kosovo government rejected the allegation.[93] On 25 January 2011, the Council of Europe endorsed the report and called for a full and serious investigation into its contents.[94][95]
Municipalities and cities